Process of manufacturing granulated sugar from beets



Patented lune 6, |899.

J. G. XNARD & W..BAUR. PRUGESS- 0F MANUFACTURING GRANULATTED SUGAR FROM BEETS.

(Appuzmn med Apr. 8,1997.)

(No Windel.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

JAMES G. OXNARD AND VILI-IELM BAUR, OF NEV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNORS TO THE OXNARD CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, OF WEST VIRGINIA.

PROCESS OF-MANUFACTURING GRANULATED SUGAR FROM BEETS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 626,292, dated June 6, 1899.

Application filed April 8, 1897., Serial No. 631,310. (No specimens.)

To all', whom t may concern; Our invention also consists of the combina- Be it known that we, JAMES G. OXNARD, a tions of steps which we hereinafter describe citizen of the United States, and NVILHELM and point out in the claims.

BAUR, a subject of Germany, both residents Figure l illustrates a diagrammatic view of 5 ,of New York, in the county of New York an apparatus by which our invention is car- 55 and State of New York, have invented cert-ain ried out. Figs. 2 and 3 are vertical and horinew and useful Improvements in Processes of zontal sections of the centrif u gal H.

Manufacturing Granulated Sugarfrom Beets, The obj ect of our invention is to extract all of which the following is a specification. of the sugar-containing juices from beets and 1o Our invention relates to aprocess of lnanuto manipulate these juices so that all of the 6o facturin g standard granulated or white sugar sugar obtainable from the juices will be in the from beets and from the molasses which reform of granulated or white sugar of the standsults fromatreatment of the beet-juice,where ard quality as it is established by the reby substantially all of the sugar contained fined-sugar industry.

15 in the beets is recovered and used for the man- We will now describe our process in full, 65 ufacture of a granulated or white sugar of reference being had to the accompanying the recognized standard without making at drawings. ,i any stage of the process an inferior or lower The fresh beet-juice is received into the grade of sugar. pans A and after being clarified in the usual zo Our invention consists, essentially, in addmanner is discharged into tanks or vessels 7o ing to fresh beet-j nice, first, molasses (green B B as a thick clarified juice. A portion of syrup) and the clairce (wash-syrup) obtained this juice is then led by pipe a to a vacuumfrom washing a granulated masse-cuite and pan Cand boiled therein for granulated sugar, the clairce obtained from washing a mixed and another portion is reserved to bc used at 2 5 strike to produce a new mixed strike, then a subsequent stage, as we will presently in- 75 purging the masse-cuite and washing the dicate. This pan C we hereinafter refer to same to white sugar, and then collecting the as the straight pan to distinguish it from molasses, which is a final molasses, and the the mixed pan F. The masse-cuite proclairce separately, whereby the clairce is reduced in the straight pan Cis discharged into 3o turned to a mixed strikepand all of the sugar an open mixer D, cooled by water or other 8o contained in the beet-juice is converted into means, and then spun off or purged in cengranulated or white sugar of stan-dard qualtrifugals and washed either with steam or waity without making at any stage of the procter until the sugar remainingin the centrifuess any lower grade of sugar. gal will have the desired whiteness and is 35 Our invention also cons sts in taking, first, v ready to go to the granulator. The iirst mo 85 molasses of a straight strike and adding lime lasses, (green syrup,) as well as the clairce thereto to form a tri-sucrate of lime, then obtained from washing the masse-cuite, both using one portion of this tri-sucrate in defecaof which have been purged from the masse tion of fresh beet-juice, then carbonating, filcuite by the centrifugal action of the ma- 4o tering off the carbonate of lime, and adding chines, are collected in a tank or vessel E and 9o to this filtered clarified juice the reserved pordiluted with water to about the density of tion of tri-sucrate of lime and heating the mixthick juice, clarified and filtered, and are then ture to set part of the lime free by the formaready to be boiled in the vacuum-pan F with tion of mono-sucrate and hydrate of lime, the part of the thick juice reserved for this 45 then iiltering off the separated hydrate of purpose, as before mentioned. To further 95 lime, then carbonating the mono-sucrate to this operation, the tank B', containing the remove the remaining lime as a carbonate of portion of the thick juice originally reserved, lime and filtering off the lime, then concenis connected with the pan F by means of a trating the clarified juice, clarifying and filpipe a'. The first molasses (green syrup) and l 5o tering said juice, and finally boilingto grain. the clairce (wash-syrup) in the tank or ves- 1cmV 'disclose.

sel E are pumped or otherwise delivered into blow-ups E' and will be clarified and ltered and delivered into storage tanks E2, and finallyinto the vacuum-pan F, with the aforesaid thick juice from the tank B', whereby the degree of purity of the first molasses and clairce is raised. The mixture in the pan F is about five to six points lower in purity than that in the straight pan and is boiled in this vacuumepan for granulated-sugar massecuite, together with the clairce of a previous pan of the same kind, as we will presently The masse-cuite of this vacuumpan F is dropped into closed vessels G, provided with a cooling-jacket and means for stirring the masse-cuite and is left therein ffor` about eighteen' to thirty hours to enable it to be ,cooled toa temperature of between 90O and 100o Fahrenheit, and then discharged into a centrifugal mixer H, of any suitable and well-known type, and spun'otf or purged in the centrifugals in the-usual manner. In this instance, however, the centrifugalS, Fig. 2, which aremot claimed in this application,` but are fully shown, described, and claimed in another application filed by us June 1S, 1897,

. Serial No. 641,307, are provided with perforated coils b, which are arranged in ysuch a manner that by means of steam or hot Water forced through the coils and perfor-ations the inner Walls of the outer basket c, as Well as the collecting-gutter d at the bottom, are thoroughly washed and freed from the syrup adhering to them. The gutter d has preferably a movable nozzle e to enable the operator to direct the outflow of the various syrups Acoming from this centrifugal into different chan-` nels or gutters', the purpose of which arrangement will be manifestfrom the following: The

masse-cuite isdropped into the centrifugal, of which the inner Wall of the outer basket and gutter has been Washed to white sugar, as just described, and the machine is run until the molasses, which is a final molasses, stops running from the masse-cuite; If the masse-cuite of the mixed vacuum-pan has been treated as above described, it will be found that the molasses resulting from the treatment is a final molasses of about 62.5 purity, and this we intend to work in a molasses plant to extract the. sugar from it, as We will presently describe, so that all of the sugar in the beet- Vjuice may be extracted to produce a standard quality of granulated or White sugar without making at any stage of the process another or inferior kind of sugar. In other words, all the juices and syrup will be boiled into white masse-cuite alone without .the necessity of boiling any of thesugar solution to anylower grade of masse'fcuite, so that the only product made by our process is white sugar. y

'Before the steam or Water is turned on the movable outlet or nozzle c may be turned to vdischarge into a second gutter or trough to carry off the clairce obtained from washing the masse-cuite. After the sugar remaining in the centrifugal is washed to the desired whiteness and before the machine is stopped the Water or steam should be turned on in the outer basket and the collecting-gutter thereof thoroughly cleansed to remove all particles of high-testing clairce. The clairce received into the troughs is to be deliveredby a pump, for instance-into the blow-ups, and is filtered, and finallyis sent to the mixed pan F, as before alluded to. j

The final molasses goes to a plant specially adapted to treat it and extract the sugar from the molasses as a tri-saccharat, either by a hot or cold process.a In the drawings it is shown as pumped into a tank I,

y whence it passes to a mixer J, of suitable wellknown character, and has added to it a limepowder.v passes through the filter-presses K to separate the tri-saccharat of lime and Waste wat'er, and the tri-saccharat is discharged from the presses into separate vessels or tanks L L', which will conta-in' agitators for keeping the material in motion and thoroughly stirred.

After the juices have been extracted inthe ordinary manner from the beets they are run into the first saturators M, of any suitable type, and there they receive a certain percentage of tri-saccharat of lime obtained from the tank L through the pipe g. Thetri-saccharat of lime will be decomposed by the sugar solution into a mono-saccharat of lime and into hydrate of lime. The hydrate of lime will act in the ordinary manner on the impurity of thejuices. Finally,carbonic acid Will be pumped through the mixture, which acts on the mono-saccharat of lime to convert the lime into'a carbonate of lime, setting the sugar free. It also acts on the surplus of hydrate of lime, combining with the same and forming a carbonateof lime. vThe carbonate of lime insoluble in the sugar solution will be separated from the mixture by means of filter-presses N, in which the carbonate of lime will be retained in the form of a cake and the clear and purified sugar solution will be taken and used inthe second part of the process, as followsThe balance of the trisaccharat (that in tank or vessel L left over from that part which has been used in the first saturationli added to this juice from the first saturatio. and is treated at a temperature of 160 Fahrenheit and is kept agitated until the reaction takes place. rlhe reaction Which takes place is described as fol.-

The juice from this mixer then v ICO lows: The sugar solution at this particular temperature has the effect of changing the insoluble tri-saccharat into a mono-saccharat,

sent to the second saturation through pipe at and there treated with carbonio acid, which decomposes the mono-saccharat, for-ming a carbonate of Vlime insoluble in the solution.

This carbonate of lime is separated in the filter-presses P, and the clear juice, after being treated with sulphurous acid and once more filtered, is then concentrated in the ordinary manner, received into blow-ups A, treated and once more filtered, and is then ready to be received into tanks B to be sent to the vacuum-pans. Part of it is boiled there straight for granulated sugar, and part of it is set aside to be used in a later part of this process, as before described. The second product or waste water coming from the filter-presses K contains but a trifling amount of sugar not practicable to be extracted and all of the impurities of the beet-juices which have not been previously removed by the action of the lime, the., in the carbonation. In this manner of treating the molasses we practically return all of the sugar from the molasses into the crude juices from the beets, and t-he process as a whole when worked as before described will produ ce but three products-namely,pulp,granulated or White sugar of the standard of the refined-su gar industry of the world, and waste water from the molasses plant.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The process herein described of manufacturin g White sugar and final molasses only from juice, which consists, essentially, in producing a masse-cuite from clarified juice; then combining the syrups purged from said masse-cuite, and the clairce of a previous second masse-cuite, with fresh juice, to produce a second masse-cuite, and then mechanically separating the second molasses and clairce of the second masse-cuite whereby the second molasses becomes a final molasses in the process and the other products of the second strike are a clairce to be used in a subsequent second strike and a white sugar, thereby avoiding the making of yellow sugar at any stage of the process.

The process herein described of manu facturing white sugar and final molasses only from juice, which consists, essentially, in producing a masse-cuite from clarified juice; then combining and clarifying the Syrups purged from said masse-cuite, and the clarified clairce of a previous second masse-cuite, with clarified fresh juice, to produce a second masse-cuite; and then separating the seoond molasses and clairce of the second massecuite whereby the second molasses becomesa final molasses in the process, and the other products of the second strike are a claire-e to be clarified and used in a subsequent second strike and a White sugar, thereby avoiding the making of yellow sugar at any stage of the process.

3. The process herein described of manufacturing granulated or white sugar from beets which consists, essentially, in mixing with fresh juice combined first molasses (green syrup) and the clairce used in Washing a straight strike and also the clairce used in Washing a previous mixed strike, and boiling the mixture to strike; then removing the final molasses from the masse-cuite so produced and adding lime thereto to convert the contained sugar into lime tri-sucrate; then using one portion of this tri-sucrate in defecation of fresh beet-juice; then carbonating, filtering off the carbonate of lime and adding to this filtered clarified juice, the reserved portion of tri-sucrate of lime and heating the mixture to set part of the lime free, by the formation of mono-sucrate and`- hydrate of lime; then filtering off the separated hydrate of lime; then carbonating the mono-sucrate to remove the remaining lime as carb'onate of lime and filtering off said lime; then concentrating the clarified juice, clarifying and fil tering said juice and finally boiling to grain.

4. The process herein described vof manufactu ring granulated or white sugar from beet-j uice which consists, essentially, in producing a final molasses and forming a tri-sucrate of lime therefrom; then separating the waste water; then using a portion of tri-sucrate of lime in defecation; then adding all of the defecated carbonated and filtered juice,

for an additional clarification, to a reserved portion of tri-sucrate of lime and heating the same to break up the tri-sucrate into monosucrate and hydrate of lime; then filtering off the hydrate of lime and resaturating the mono-sucrate of lime; then refiltering the juice, concentrating the same and again f11- tering.

In testimony that We claim the foregoing as our invention we have signed our names, in presence of two Witnesses, this 5th day of April, 1897.

JAMES G. OXNARD. VILIIELM BAUR.

Witnesses:

HENRY F. OXNARD, S. D. SoHENcK.

Correction in Letters Patent No. 626,292.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 626,292, granted June 6, 1899, up the application or" James G. Oxnard and \Vi1he1m Baur, of New York, N. Y., for improvement iu Processes of Manufacturing Granulated Sugar from Beets, errt appear in the printed. specification requiring correction as follows: In lines 21 a 35, page l, the commas after the Words first, should be stricken out; and that 1 said Letters Patent should be read With these corrections therein that the salne m conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 13th day of June, A. D., 1899.`

[SEAL] WEBSTER DAVIS,

Assistant Secretary of the Interim Countersigned:

C. H. DUELL,

Commissioner 0j' Patents. 

